For students, the idea of taking standardized tests can often feel daunting. However, understanding the types of tests, their benefits, how to prepare for them, and available testing resources can make the entire process much less intimidating and set students up for educational success.
WHAT ARE STANDARDIZED TESTS?
Standardized tests are assessments that are administered and scored in a consistent, uniform manner across all test-takers. The goal of these tests is to evaluate a student’s academic abilities, knowledge, or potential in specific subjects under controlled conditions. They are designed to ensure that every student takes the same test, under the same conditions, and is scored according to the same criteria.
THE SAT & ACT
The two nationally-recognized standardized tests for college admissions are the SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) and the ACT (American College Test). Both exams are used by colleges and universities across the United States to assess a student’s readiness for higher education, helping admissions officers make objective decisions about applicants.
The SAT is broken down into three main sections.
1. Evidence-Based Reading and Writing
This section tests reading comprehension and writing skills, focusing on the student’s ability to analyze written passages and answer questions about them.
2. Math
The math section covers a range of topics, including algebra, problem-solving, and data analysis. Some questions require a calculator, while others are “no-calculator” questions.
3. Essay (Optional)
The essay portion is optional, but some colleges require it. In this section, students are asked to analyze a passage and construct an essay that explains how the author builds their argument.
The SAT is scored on a scale from 400 to 1600, with separate scores given for the reading and writing section (up to 800) and the math section (up to 800). The essay score is separate and is graded based on a rubric that assesses writing skills and argumentation.
The ACT is structured similarly to the SAT but with a few differences. The ACT assesses students in four areas:
1. English
This section tests grammar, punctuation, sentence structure, and rhetorical skills.
2. Math
The math section covers topics such as algebra, geometry, and trigonometry. It is more focused on mathematical problem-solving than the SAT.
3. Reading
This section tests reading comprehension, similar to the SAT, where students must analyze passages and answer questions about them.
4. Science
The ACT includes a unique science section that evaluates a student’s ability to interpret, analyze, and reason through scientific data and experiments. This is the ACT’s most distinctive feature from the SAT.
The ACT is scored on a scale, with each section scoring between 1 and 36. The average of these four sections gives the overall composite score, which ranges from 1 to 36. The ACT also offers an optional writing section (the essay), which is scored separately.
BENEFITS OF STANDARDIZED TESTING
While standardized testing often gets a bad rap, there are significant benefits that these exams provide to students and schools.
Measuring Student Knowledge and Skills
One of the biggest advantages of standardized testing is its ability to objectively measure a student’s academic knowledge and skills. These tests provide clear data about where a student stands academically in comparison to national or regional standards. This allows educators to identify strengths and areas for improvement in their students.
College and Career Readiness
Standardized tests like the SAT and ACT are crucial tools in assessing whether a student is ready for the challenges of higher education. College admissions officers rely on these tests to get an objective measure of academic ability and preparedness. Similarly, many employers use standardized tests as part of their hiring process to assess job-related skills.
Identifying Learning Gaps
For students, standardized tests can help pinpoint gaps in knowledge. Recognizing these gaps allows for targeted interventions, helping students stay on track academically.
HOW TO PREP FOR THE SAT AND ACT
Preparation is key to performing well on these tests. Here are some proven strategies that can help students get ready:
Know the Test Format
Take time to research the specific test you will be taking. Understand the format, timing, and types of questions you will encounter. This will allow you to feel more confident and less anxious on the test day.
Make a Study Plan
A well-organized study plan can make a huge difference in preparing for standardized tests. Set aside regular study time in your schedule, and divide your study sessions into manageable chunks.
Practice with Sample Questions
One of the best ways to prepare is by practicing with sample questions and past test papers. You can find official practice tests and questions through the test administrators’ websites. Take these practice tests under timed conditions to simulate the actual test experience and to help build familiarity with the content.
TEST PREP RESOURCES
Here are some of the best resources available to help students prepare for the SAT and ACT.
Official Test Prep Materials
Start with the official prep materials provided by test creators. The College Board (for SAT) and ACT offer free and paid resources, including practice tests, study guides, and prep courses on their websites.
Online Study Platforms
Platforms like Khan Academy offer free video lessons and practice exercises tailored to the SAT. Magoosh and Quizlet also provide comprehensive study resources, including practice questions, flashcards, and video explanations.
Test Prep Books
Books from trusted publishers like Kaplan, The Princeton Review, and Barron’s are widely used for standardized test preparation. Copies of these books are often available to check out for free at your local library.
Tutors and Prep Courses
If you prefer one-on-one attention, consider hiring a tutor or enrolling in a prep course. Tutors can provide personalized help, focusing on your specific weaknesses.
Study Groups and Peer Support
Don’t underestimate the power of studying with others. Joining a study group or participating in online forums can provide motivation, helpful tips, and different perspectives on problem-solving.
Standardized testing is a challenging yet essential part of the educational journey. Whether preparing for college admissions, state assessments, or subject-specific tests, understanding the types of exams, the benefits they offer, and how to best prepare for them can set students up for success.
