With the arrival of the winter season comes an increase in sickness. The combination of colder weather and more indoor gatherings means it’s easier to contract a viral infection, and one of the most common viruses passed around is respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

WHAT IS RSV?
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a virus that infects the nose, throat, and lungs, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Symptoms often include a dry or runny nose, dry cough, low-grade fever, sore throat, sneezing, and headaches. Though similar to a common cold, the symptoms of RSV are usually more severe, and if left untreated, can develop into more serious illnesses like pneumonia or bronchitis.

HOW IS RSV SPREAD?
Just like any other viral infection, the illness is spread through germs passed from one person to another. The virus can enter through the mouth, eyes, or nose. Close contact with infected people will likely result in contracting the infection. RSV symptoms begin to show up two to eight days after exposure. The infection is no longer considered contagious after 24 hours free of fever.

WHO IS MOST AT
RISK FOR RSV?
RSV can be contracted by anyone, but young children and people with weakened immune systems are at an increased risk. Not only can they contract the virus more easily, it’s also more dangerous for them as the virus attacks the respiratory system.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reports that an estimated 58,000–80,000 children under the age of 5 are hospitalized due to RSV every year in the United States.

“Almost all children will have had RSV infection by their second birthday. While some of these cases can be very mild and a simple cold with a runny nose, it is important for parents to understand what to look for as an indication of worsening of an RSV infection,” says Dr. Mindy L. Calandro, a pediatrician at The Baton Rouge Clinic.

HOW CAN YOU TREAT RSV?
The Mayo Clinic recommends plenty of fluids to stay hydrated, over-the-counter medication for managing a fever, use of saline drops to clear a stuffy nose, and lots of rest. However, it’s most important to monitor symptoms and contact your doctor for the best course of action should you experience any of these symptoms.

In some cases, if left untreated, the coughing can worsen to a wheezing sound, symptoms can persist for more than a week, and fever can spike to over 104 degrees. 

WHAT ARE THE BEST WAYS TO PREVENT RSV?
■Wash hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.
■Keep hands away from your face, nose, and mouth.
■Keep hand sanitizer nearby and use it after touching public surfaces.
■Stay home if you or your child is sick.
■Avoid contact with anyone who has a viral infection.

RSV cases have been on the rise each year, but by learning more about the infection and practicing preventative measures, you can minimize the risks and help keep your family safe this season. Consult a trusted healthcare provider for more resources and information.